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AD8497CRMZ_PROMO 数据手册 - ADI（亚德诺）
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ADI（亚德诺）
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MSOP
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ANALOG DEVICES AD8497CRMZ_PROMO 温度传感器芯片, 电压, ± 1°C, 25 °C, 100 °C, MSOP, 8 引脚
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AD8497CRMZ_PROMO数据手册
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AD8494/AD8495/AD8496/AD8497
Rev. C | Page 11 of 16
THEORY OF OPERATION
THERMOCOUPLES
A thermocouple is a rugged, low cost temperature transducer
whose output is proportional to the temperature difference
between a measurement junction and a reference junction. It
has a very wide temperature range. Its low level output (typically
tens of microvolts per °C) requires amplification. Variation in
the reference junction temperature results in measurement
error unless the thermocouple signal is properly compensated.
A thermocouple consists of two dissimilar metals. These metals
are connected at one end to form the measurement junction,
also called the hot junction. The other end of the thermocouple
is connected to the metal lines that lead to the measurement
electronics. This connection forms a second junction: the
reference junction, also called the cold junction.
08529-004
AD849x
PCB
TRACES
REFERENCE
JUNCTION
MEASUREMENT
JUNCTION
THERMOCOUPLE WIRES
Figure 26. Thermocouple Junctions
To derive the temperature at the measurement junction (T
MJ
),
the user must know the differential voltage created by the thermo-
couple. The user must also know the error voltage generated by
the temperature at the reference junction (T
RJ
). Compensating
for the reference junction error voltage is typically called cold
junction compensation. The electronics must compensate for
any changes in temperature at the reference (cold) junction so
that the output voltage is an accurate representation of the hot
junction measurement.
THERMOCOUPLE SIGNAL CONDITIONER
The AD8494/AD8495/AD8496/AD8497 thermocouple amplifiers
provide a simple, low cost solution for measuring thermocouple
temperatures. These amplifiers simplify many of the difficulties
of measuring thermocouples. An integrated temperature sensor
performs cold junction compensation. A fixed-gain instrumentation
amplifier amplifies the small thermocouple voltage to provide a
5 mV/°C output. The high common-mode rejection of the
amplifier blocks common-mode noise that the long thermocouple
leads can pick up. For additional protection, the high impedance
inputs of the amplifier make it easy to add extra filtering.
Table 6 shows an example of a J type thermocouple voltage for
various combinations of 0°C and 50°C on the reference and
measurement junctions. Table 6 also shows the performance
of the AD8494 amplifying the thermocouple voltage and
compensating for the reference junction temperature changes,
thus eliminating the error.
Table 6. J Type Thermocouple Voltages and AD8494 Readings
Measurement
Junction
Temperature
(T
MJ
)
Reference
Junction
Temperature
(T
RJ
)
Thermocouple
Voltage
AD8494
Reading
50°C 0°C +2.585 mV 250 mV
50°C 50°C 0 mV 250 mV
0°C 0°C 0 mV 0 mV
0°C 50°C −2.585 mV 0 mV
AD8494/AD8495/AD8496/AD8497 ARCHITECTURE
Figure 27 shows a block diagram of the AD849x circuitry. The
AD849x consists of a low offset, fixed-gain instrumentation
amplifier and a temperature sensor.
–IN
+IN
OUT
REF
08529-020
A1
A2
AD8494/AD8495/
AD8496/AD8497
A3
SENSE
ESD AND
OVP
ESD AND
OVP
COLD JUNCTION
COMPENSATION
1MΩ
THERMO-
COUPLE
Figure 27. Block Diagram
The AD849x output is a voltage that is proportional to the tem-
perature at the measurement junction of the thermocouple (T
MJ
).
To derive the measured temperature from the AD849x output
voltage, use the following transfer function:
T
MJ
= (V
OUT
− V
REF
)/(5 mV/°C)
An ideal AD849x achieves this output with an error of less than
±2°C, within the specified operating ranges listed in Table 7 .
Instrumentation Amplifier
A thermocouple signal is so small that considerable gain is
required before it can be sampled properly by most ADCs. The
AD849x has an instrumentation amplifier with a fixed gain that
generates an output voltage of 5 mV/°C for J type and K type
thermocouples.
V
OUT
= (T
MJ
× 5 mV/°C) + V
REF
To accommodate the nonlinear behavior of the thermocouple,
each amplifier has a different gain so that the 5 mV/°C is accu-
rately maintained for a given temperature measurement range.
• The AD8494 and AD8496 (J type) have an instrumentation
amplifier with a gain of 96.7 and 90.35, respectively.
• The AD8495 and AD8497 (K type) have an instrumentation
amplifier with a gain of 122.4.
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